PRODUCTS BACKED BY RESEARCH
Buff Chick Supplements Ingredient Research
RESEARCH BY PRODUCT, THEN INGREDIENT (A-Z)
- Jeukendrup A. E. (2010). Carbohydrate and exercise performance: the role of multiple transportable carbohydrates. Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care, 13(4), 452–457. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e328339de9f
- Shiraki, T., Kometani, T., Yoshitani, K., Takata, H., & Nomura, T. (2015, September 10). Evaluation of exercise performance with the intake of highly branched cyclic dextrin in athletes. Food Science and Technology Research. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/fstr/21/3/21_499/_html
- Wilburn, D., Machek, S., & Ismaeel, A. (2021, August 21). View of highly branched cyclic dextrin and its ergogenic effects in athletes: A brief review. https://journalofexerciseandnutrition.com/index.php/JEN/article/view/100/89
- Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., Aragon, A. A., Devries, M. C., Banfield, L., Krieger, J. W., & Phillips, S. M. (2017). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608
- Antonio, J., Ellerbroek, A., Silver, T., Orris, S., Scheiner, M., Gonzalez, A., & Peacock, C. A. (2015). A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program IMPROVES body composition in healthy trained men and women – a follow-up investigation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0
- Manninen AH. Protein hydrolysates in sports nutrition. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2009 Sep 28;6:38. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-38. PMID: 19785737; PMCID: PMC2761917. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0
- Veniamakis, E.; Kaplanis, G.; Voulgaris, P.; Nikolaidis, P.T. Effects of Sodium Intake on Health and Performance in Endurance and Ultra-Endurance Sports. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3651. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063651
- Shirreffs, S. M., & Sawka, M. N. (2011). Fluid and electrolyte needs for training, competition, and recovery. Journal of sports sciences, 29 Suppl 1, S39–S46. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.614269
- Baker, L. B., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2014). Optimal composition of fluid-replacement beverages. Comprehensive Physiology, 4(2), 575–620. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c130014
- Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., Aragon, A. A., Devries, M. C., Banfield, L., Krieger, J. W., & Phillips, S. M. (2017). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608
- Antonio, J., Ellerbroek, A., Silver, T., Orris, S., Scheiner, M., Gonzalez, A., & Peacock, C. A. (2015). A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program IMPROVES body composition in healthy trained men and women – a follow-up investigation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0
- de Miranda, R. B., Weimer, P., & Rossi, R. C. (2021). Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of dermatology, 60(12), 1449–1461. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15518
- León-López, A., Morales-Peñaloza, A., Martínez-Juárez, V. M., Vargas-Torres, A., Zeugolis, D. I., & Aguirre-Álvarez, G. (2019). Hydrolyzed Collagen-Sources and Applications. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(22), 4031. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224031
- Bianchi, F. M., Angelinetta, C., Rizzi, G., Praticò, A., & Villa, R. (2022). Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Hydrolyzed Collagen Supplement for Improving Skin Moisturization, Smoothness, and Wrinkles. The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology, 15(3), 48–52.
- Choi, F. D., Sung, C. T., Juhasz, M. L., & Mesinkovsk, N. A. (2019). Oral Collagen Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Dermatological Applications. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD, 18(1), 9–16.
- Bolke, L., Schlippe, G., Gerß, J., & Voss, W. (2019). A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study. Nutrients, 11(10), 2494. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102494
- Bianchi, F. M., Angelinetta, C., Rizzi, G., Praticò, A., & Villa, R. (2022). Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Hydrolyzed Collagen Supplement for Improving Skin Moisturization, Smoothness, and Wrinkles. The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology, 15(3), 48–52.
- Choi, F. D., Sung, C. T., Juhasz, M. L., & Mesinkovsk, N. A. (2019). Oral Collagen Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Dermatological Applications. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD, 18(1), 9–16.
- Bolke, L., Schlippe, G., Gerß, J., & Voss, W. (2019). A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study. Nutrients, 11(10), 2494. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102494
- de Miranda, R. B., Weimer, P., & Rossi, R. C. (2021). Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of dermatology, 60(12), 1449–1461. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15518
- León-López, A., Morales-Peñaloza, A., Martínez-Juárez, V. M., Vargas-Torres, A., Zeugolis, D. I., & Aguirre-Álvarez, G. (2019). Hydrolyzed Collagen-Sources and Applications. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(22), 4031. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224031
- Clark, K. L., Sebastianelli, W., Flechsenhar, K. R., Aukermann, D. F., Meza, F., Millard, R. L., Deitch, J. R., Sherbondy, P. S., & Albert, A. (2008). 24-Week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary supplement in athletes with activity-related joint pain. Current medical research and opinion, 24(5), 1485–1496. https://doi.org/10.1185/030079908x291967
- León-López, A., Morales-Peñaloza, A., Martínez-Juárez, V. M., Vargas-Torres, A., Zeugolis, D. I., & Aguirre-Álvarez, G. (2019). Hydrolyzed Collagen-Sources and Applications. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(22), 4031. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224031
- Duvnjak-Zaknich, D. M., Dawson, B. T., Wallman, K. E., & Henry, G. (2011). Effect of caffeine on reactive agility time when fresh and fatigued. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 43(8), 1523-1530. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821048ab
- Grgic, J., Grgic, I., Pickering, C., Schoenfeld, B. J., Bishop, D. J., & Pedisic, Z. (2020). Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance-an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses. Br J Sports Med, 54(11), 681-688. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100278
- Hunt, M. G., Momjian, A. J., & Wong, K. K. (2011). Effects of diurnal variation and caffeine consumption on Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) performance in healthy young adults. Psychol Assess, 23(1), 226-233. doi:10.1037/a0021401
- Prakash Upputuri, R. T., & Azad Mandal, A. K. (2017). Sustained Release of Green Tea Polyphenols from Liposomal Nanoparticles; Release Kinetics and Mathematical Modelling. Iranian journal of biotechnology, 15(4), 277–283. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijb.1322
- Gopi, S., Amalraj, A., Jacob, J., Kalarikkal, N., Thomas, S., & Guo, Q. (2018a, February 21). Preparation, characterization and in vitro study of liposomal curcumin powder by cost effective nanofiber weaving technology. New Journal of Chemistry. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/nj/c7nj05029a#!divAbstract
- Khemtong,C.;Kuo,C.-H.; Chen, C.-Y.;Jaime, S.J.; Condello, G. DoesBranched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs)Supplementation Attenuate MuscleDamage Markers and Soreness afterResistance Exercise in Trained Males? AMeta-Analysis of Randomized ControlledTrials. Nutrients2021,13,1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061880
- Stoppani, J., Scheett, T., Pena, J. et al.Consuming a supplement containingbranched-chain amino acids during aresistance-training program increaseslean mass, muscle strength and fat loss.J Int Soc Sports Nutr 6, P1 (2009).https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-6-S1-P1
- Khemtong C, Kuo C-H, Chen C-Y, JaimeSJ, Condello G. Does Branched-ChainAmino Acids (BCAAs) SupplementationAttenuate Muscle Damage Markers andSoreness after Resistance Exercise inTrained Males? A Meta-Analysis ofRandomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients.2021; 13(6):1880.https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061880
- Blomstrand E. A role for branched-chainamino acids in reducing central fatigue. JNutr. 2006 Feb;136(2):544S-547S. doi:10.1093/jn/136.2.544S. PMID: 16424144.
- Blomstrand E, Hassmén P, Ekblom B,Newsholme EA. Administration ofbranched-chain amino acids duringsustained exercise--effects onperformance and on plasmaconcentration of some amino acids. Eur JAppl Physiol Occup Physiol.1991;63(2):83-8. doi:10.1007/BF00235174. PMID: 1748109.
- Jäger, et al. Oral adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) administrationincreases blood flow following exercise inanimals and humans. Journal of theInternational Society of Sports Nutrition11:28, 2014. A study performed byresearchers at the University of Tampa.
- Wilson JM, et al. Effects of oraladenosine-5’-triphosphatesupplementation on athletic performance,skeletal muscle hypertrophy andrecovery in resistance-trained men.Nutrition and Metabolism 10:57, 2013. Astudy performed by researchers at theUniversity of Tampa.
- Baker, L. B., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2014).Optimal composition of fluid-replacementbeverages. Compr Physiol, 4(2), 575-620. doi:10.1002/cphy.c130014
- Bora, K. S., & Sharma, A. (2011). Phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Medicago sativa: a review. Pharm Biol, 49(2), 211-220. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.504732
- Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9). doi:10.3390/nu12092524
- Lu, H. K., Hsieh, C. C., Hsu, J. J., Yang, Y. K., & Chou, H. N. (2006). Preventive effects of Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exercise-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(2), 220-226. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0263-0
- Chauhan, M. (2013). A pilot study on wheat grass juice for its phytochemical, nutritional and therapeutic potential on chronic diseases. International Journal of Chemical Studies.
- Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian J Psychol Med, 34(3), 255-262. doi:10.4103/0253-7176.106022
- Ashwagandha. (2020). Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/953.html#References. Available from National Institutes of Health Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, from National Institutes of Health https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/953.html#References
- Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian J Psychol Med, 34(3), 255-262. doi:10.4103/0253-7176.106022
- Bora, K. S., & Sharma, A. (2011). Phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Medicago sativa: a review. Pharm Biol, 49(2), 211-220. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.504732
- Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9). doi:10.3390/nu12092524
- Lu, H. K., Hsieh, C. C., Hsu, J. J., Yang, Y. K., & Chou, H. N. (2006). Preventive effects of Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exercise-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(2), 220-226. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0263-0
- Chauhan, M. (2013). A pilot study on wheat grass juice for its phytochemical, nutritional and therapeutic potential on chronic diseases. International Journal of Chemical Studies.
- Lu, H. K., Hsieh, C. C., Hsu, J. J., Yang, Y. K., & Chou, H. N. (2006). Preventive effects of Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exercise-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(2), 220-226. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0263-0
- Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9). doi:10.3390/nu12092524
- Chauhan, M. (2013). A pilot study on wheat grass juice for its phytochemical, nutritional and therapeutic potential on chronic diseases. International Journal of Chemical Studies.
- Ashaolu, T. J. (2020). Immune boosting functional foods and their mechanisms: A critical evaluation of probiotics and prebiotics. Biomed Pharmacother, 130, 110625. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110625
- Madempudi, R. S., Ahire, J. J., Neelamraju, J., Tripathi, A., & Nanal, S. (2019). Randomized clinical trial: the effect of probiotic Bacillus coagulans Unique IS2 vs. placebo on the symptoms management of irritable bowel syndrome in adults. Sci Rep, 9(1), 12210. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48554-x
- Swanson, K. S., Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Reimer, R. A., Reid, G., Verbeke, K., . . . Sanders, M. E. (2020). The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of synbiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 17(11), 687-701. doi:10.1038/s41575-020-0344-2
- Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian J Psychol Med, 34(3), 255-262. doi:10.4103/0253-7176.106022
- Ashaolu, T. J. (2020). Immune boosting functional foods and their mechanisms: A critical evaluation of probiotics and prebiotics. Biomed Pharmacother, 130, 110625. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110625
- Madempudi, R. S., Ahire, J. J., Neelamraju, J., Tripathi, A., & Nanal, S. (2019). Randomized clinical trial: the effect of probiotic Bacillus coagulans Unique IS2 vs. placebo on the symptoms management of irritable bowel syndrome in adults. Sci Rep, 9(1), 12210. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48554-x
- Swanson, K. S., Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Reimer, R. A., Reid, G., Verbeke, K., . . . Sanders, M. E. (2020). The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of synbiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 17(11), 687-701. doi:10.1038/s41575-020-0344-2
- Lu, H. K., Hsieh, C. C., Hsu, J. J., Yang, Y. K., & Chou, H. N. (2006). Preventive effects of Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exercise-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(2), 220-226. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0263-0
- Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9). doi:10.3390/nu12092524
- Chauhan, M. (2013). A pilot study on wheat grass juice for its phytochemical, nutritional and therapeutic potential on chronic diseases. International Journal of Chemical Studies.
- Bora, K. S., & Sharma, A. (2011). Phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Medicago sativa: a review. Pharm Biol, 49(2), 211-220. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.504732
- Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9). doi:10.3390/nu12092524
- Lu, H. K., Hsieh, C. C., Hsu, J. J., Yang, Y. K., & Chou, H. N. (2006). Preventive effects of Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exercise-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(2), 220-226. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0263-0
- Chauhan, M. (2013). A pilot study on wheat grass juice for its phytochemical, nutritional and therapeutic potential on chronic diseases. International Journal of Chemical Studies.
- Bora, K. S., & Sharma, A. (2011). Phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Medicago sativa: a review. Pharm Biol, 49(2), 211-220. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.504732
- Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9). doi:10.3390/nu12092524
- Lu, H. K., Hsieh, C. C., Hsu, J. J., Yang, Y. K., & Chou, H. N. (2006). Preventive effects of Spirulina platensis on skeletal muscle damage under exercise-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(2), 220-226. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0263-0
- Chauhan, M. (2013). A pilot study on wheat grass juice for its phytochemical, nutritional and therapeutic potential on chronic diseases. International Journal of Chemical Studies.
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., Rashti, S. L., & Faigenbaum, A. D. (2009). Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 6, 7. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-6-7
- Lee, E. C., Maresh, C. M., Kraemer, W. J., Yamamoto, L. M., Hatfield, D. L., Bailey, B. L., . . . Craig, S. A. (2010). Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7, 27. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-27
- Pryor, J. L., Craig, S. A., & Swensen, T. (2012). Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 9(1), 12. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-9-12
- Trepanowski, J. F., Farney, T. M., McCarthy, C. G., Schilling, B. K., Craig, S. A., & Bloomer, R. J. (2011). The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3461-3471. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318217d48d
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., Rashti, S. L., & Faigenbaum, A. D. (2009). Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 6, 7. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-6-7
- Trepanowski, J. F., Farney, T. M., McCarthy, C. G., Schilling, B. K., Craig, S. A., & Bloomer, R. J. (2011). The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3461-3471. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318217d48d
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Faigenbaum, A. D., Ross, R., Kang, J., Stout, J. R., & Wise, J. A. (2008). Short-duration beta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players. Nutr Res, 28(1), 31-35. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2007.11.004
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Mielke, M., O'Kroy, J., Torok, D. J., & Zoeller, R. F. (2006). Effects of twenty-eight days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on the physical working capacity at neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J Strength Cond Res, 20(4), 928-931. doi:10.1519/R-19655.1
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Zoeller, R. F., Torok, D., Costa, P., Hoffman, J. R., . . . O'Kroy, J. (2007). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women. Amino Acids, 32(3), 381-386. doi:10.1007/s00726-006-0474-z
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N. A., Ross, R., Kang, J., Magrelli, J., Neese, K., . . . Wise, J. A. (2008). Beta-alanine and the hormonal response to exercise. Int J Sports Med, 29(12), 952-958. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038678
- Kern, B. D., & Robinson, T. L. (2011). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance and body composition in collegiate wrestlers and football players. J Strength Cond Res, 25(7), 1804-1815. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e741cf
- Walter, A. A., Smith, A. E., Kendall, K. L., Stout, J. R., & Cramer, J. T. (2010). Six weeks of high-intensity interval training with and without beta-alanine supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women. J Strength Cond Res, 24(5), 1199-1207. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d82f8b
- Baguet, A., Bourgois, J., Vanhee, L., Achten, E., & Derave, W. (2010). Important role of muscle carnosine in rowing performance. J Appl Physiol (1985), 109(4), 1096-1101. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00141.2010
- Hobson, R. M., Saunders, B., Ball, G., Harris, R. C., & Sale, C. (2012). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise performance: a meta-analysis. Amino Acids, 43(1), 25-37. doi:10.1007/s00726-011-1200-z
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N. A., Ross, R., Kang, J., Magrelli, J., Neese, K., . . . Wise, J. A. (2008). Beta-alanine and the hormonal response to exercise. Int J Sports Med, 29(12), 952-958. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038678
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Faigenbaum, A. D., Ross, R., Kang, J., Stout, J. R., & Wise, J. A. (2008). Short-duration beta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players. Nutr Res, 28(1), 31-35. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2007.11.004
- Jordan, T., Lukaszuk, J., Misic, M., & Umoren, J. (2010). Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) during treadmill running: Pre/post 2 treatment experimental design. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7, 20. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-20
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Mielke, M., O'Kroy, J., Torok, D. J., & Zoeller, R. F. (2006). Effects of twenty-eight days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on the physical working capacity at neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J Strength Cond Res, 20(4), 928-931. doi:10.1519/R-19655.1
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Zoeller, R. F., Torok, D., Costa, P., Hoffman, J. R., . . . O'Kroy, J. (2007). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women. Amino Acids, 32(3), 381-386. doi:10.1007/s00726-006-0474-z
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Zoeller, R. F., Torok, D., Costa, P., Hoffman, J. R., . . . O'Kroy, J. (2007). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women. Amino Acids, 32(3), 381-386. doi:10.1007/s00726-006-0474-z
- Zoeller, R. F., Stout, J. R., O'Kroy J, A., Torok, D. J., & Mielke, M. (2007). Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic power, ventilatory and lactate thresholds, and time to exhaustion. Amino Acids, 33(3), 505-510. doi:10.1007/s00726-006-0399-6
- Backhouse, S. H., Biddle, S. J., Bishop, N. C., & Williams, C. (2011). Caffeine ingestion, affect and perceived exertion during prolonged cycling. Appetite, 57(1), 247-252. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.05.304
- Bellar, D., Kamimori, G. H., & Glickman, E. L. (2011). The effects of low-dose caffeine on perceived pain during a grip to exhaustion task. J Strength Cond Res, 25(5), 1225-1228. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d9901f
- Hadjicharalambous, M., Georgiades, E., Kilduff, L. P., Turner, A. P., Tsofliou, F., & Pitsiladis, Y. P. (2006). Influence of caffeine on perception of effort, metabolism and exercise performance following a high-fat meal. J Sports Sci, 24(8), 875-887. doi:10.1080/02640410500249399
- Norager, C. B., Jensen, M. B., Weimann, A., & Madsen, M. R. (2006). Metabolic effects of caffeine ingestion and physical work in 75-year old citizens. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 65(2), 223-228. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02579.x
- Duvnjak-Zaknich, D. M., Dawson, B. T., Wallman, K. E., & Henry, G. (2011). Effect of caffeine on reactive agility time when fresh and fatigued. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 43(8), 1523-1530. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821048ab
- Grgic, J., Grgic, I., Pickering, C., Schoenfeld, B. J., Bishop, D. J., & Pedisic, Z. (2020). Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance-an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses. Br J Sports Med, 54(11), 681-688. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100278
- Hunt, M. G., Momjian, A. J., & Wong, K. K. (2011). Effects of diurnal variation and caffeine consumption on Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) performance in healthy young adults. Psychol Assess, 23(1), 226-233. doi:10.1037/a0021401
- Suzuki, T., Morita, M., Kobayashi, Y., & Kamimura, A. (2016). Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 13, 6. doi:10.1186/s12970-016-0117-z
- Sureda, A., Cordova, A., Ferrer, M. D., Perez, G., Tur, J. A., & Pons, A. (2010). L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 110(2), 341-351. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1509-4Sureda, A., Cordova, A., Ferrer, M. D., Perez, G., Tur, J. A., & Pons, A. (2010). L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 110(2), 341-351. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1509-4
- Foxe, J. J., Morie, K. P., Laud, P. J., Rowson, M. J., de Bruin, E. A., & Kelly, S. P. (2012). Assessing the effects of caffeine and theanine on the maintenance of vigilance during a sustained attention task. Neuropharmacology, 62(7), 2320-2327. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.020
- Haskell, C. F., Kennedy, D. O., Milne, A. L., Wesnes, K. A., & Scholey, A. B. (2008). The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood. Biol Psychol, 77(2), 113-122. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.09.008
- Hidese, S., Ota, M., Wakabayashi, C., Noda, T., Ozawa, H., Okubo, T., & Kunugi, H. (2017). Effects of chronic l-theanine administration in patients with major depressive disorder: an open-label study. Acta Neuropsychiatr, 29(2), 72-79. doi:10.1017/neu.2016.33
- Kelly, S. P., Gomez-Ramirez, M., Montesi, J. L., & Foxe, J. J. (2008). L-theanine and caffeine in combination affect human cognition as evidenced by oscillatory alpha-band activity and attention task performance. J Nutr, 138(8), 1572S-1577S. doi:10.1093/jn/138.8.1572S
- Meeusen, R., Watson, P., & Dvorak, J. (2006). The brain and fatigue: new opportunities for nutritional interventions? J Sports Sci, 24(7), 773-782. doi:10.1080/02640410500483022
- Patel, K. (2020, November 13, 2020). L-Tyrosine. Retrieved from https://examine.com/supplements/l-tyrosine/
- Tumilty, L., Davison, G., Beckmann, M., & Thatcher, R. (2011). Oral tyrosine supplementation improves exercise capacity in the heat. Eur J Appl Physiol, 111(12), 2941-2950. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1921-4
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., Rashti, S. L., & Faigenbaum, A. D. (2009). Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 6, 7. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-6-7
- Lee, E. C., Maresh, C. M., Kraemer, W. J., Yamamoto, L. M., Hatfield, D. L., Bailey, B. L., . . . Craig, S. A. (2010). Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7, 27. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-27
- Pryor, J. L., Craig, S. A., & Swensen, T. (2012). Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 9(1), 12. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-9-12
- Trepanowski, J. F., Farney, T. M., McCarthy, C. G., Schilling, B. K., Craig, S. A., & Bloomer, R. J. (2011). The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3461-3471. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318217d48d
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., Rashti, S. L., & Faigenbaum, A. D. (2009). Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 6, 7. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-6-7
- Trepanowski, J. F., Farney, T. M., McCarthy, C. G., Schilling, B. K., Craig, S. A., & Bloomer, R. J. (2011). The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3461-3471. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318217d48d
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Faigenbaum, A. D., Ross, R., Kang, J., Stout, J. R., & Wise, J. A. (2008). Short-duration beta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players. Nutr Res, 28(1), 31-35. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2007.11.004
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Mielke, M., O'Kroy, J., Torok, D. J., & Zoeller, R. F. (2006). Effects of twenty-eight days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on the physical working capacity at neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J Strength Cond Res, 20(4), 928-931. doi:10.1519/R-19655.1
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Zoeller, R. F., Torok, D., Costa, P., Hoffman, J. R., . . . O'Kroy, J. (2007). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women. Amino Acids, 32(3), 381-386. doi:10.1007/s00726-006-0474-z
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N. A., Ross, R., Kang, J., Magrelli, J., Neese, K., . . . Wise, J. A. (2008). Beta-alanine and the hormonal response to exercise. Int J Sports Med, 29(12), 952-958. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038678
- Kern, B. D., & Robinson, T. L. (2011). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance and body composition in collegiate wrestlers and football players. J Strength Cond Res, 25(7), 1804-1815. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e741cf
- Walter, A. A., Smith, A. E., Kendall, K. L., Stout, J. R., & Cramer, J. T. (2010). Six weeks of high-intensity interval training with and without beta-alanine supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women. J Strength Cond Res, 24(5), 1199-1207. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d82f8b
- Baguet, A., Bourgois, J., Vanhee, L., Achten, E., & Derave, W. (2010). Important role of muscle carnosine in rowing performance. J Appl Physiol (1985), 109(4), 1096-1101. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00141.2010
- Hobson, R. M., Saunders, B., Ball, G., Harris, R. C., & Sale, C. (2012). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise performance: a meta-analysis. Amino Acids, 43(1), 25-37. doi:10.1007/s00726-011-1200-z
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N. A., Ross, R., Kang, J., Magrelli, J., Neese, K., . . . Wise, J. A. (2008). Beta-alanine and the hormonal response to exercise. Int J Sports Med, 29(12), 952-958. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038678
- Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Faigenbaum, A. D., Ross, R., Kang, J., Stout, J. R., & Wise, J. A. (2008). Short-duration beta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players. Nutr Res, 28(1), 31-35. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2007.11.004
- Jordan, T., Lukaszuk, J., Misic, M., & Umoren, J. (2010). Effect of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) during treadmill running: Pre/post 2 treatment experimental design. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 7, 20. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-20
- Stout, J. R., Cramer, J. T., Mielke, M., O'Kroy, J., Torok, D. J., & Zoeller, R. F. (2006). Effects of twenty-eight days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on the physical working capacity at neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J Strength Cond Res, 20(4), 928-931. doi:10.1519/R-19655.1
- Zoeller, R. F., Stout, J. R., O'Kroy J, A., Torok, D. J., & Mielke, M. (2007). Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic power, ventilatory and lactate thresholds, and time to exhaustion. Amino Acids, 33(3), 505-510. doi:10.1007/s00726-006-0399-6
- Patlar, S., Yalcin, H., & Boyali, E. (2012). The effect of glycerol supplements on aerobic and anaerobic performance of athletes and sedentary subjects. J Hum Kinet, 34, 69-79. doi:10.2478/v10078-012-0065-x
- Van Rosendal, S. P., Osborne, M. A., Fassett, R. G., & Coombes, J. S. (2009). Physiological and performance effects of glycerol hyperhydration and rehydration. Nutr Rev, 67(12), 690-705. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00254.x
- Bartos, J. (2014). HydroMax Glycerol Powder 65% White Paper. Glanbia Nutritionals. N.p.
- Sureda, A., Cordova, A., Ferrer, M. D., Perez, G., Tur, J. A., & Pons, A. (2010). L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 110(2), 341-351. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1509-4
- Bailey, S. J., Blackwell, J. R., Lord, T., Vanhatalo, A., Winyard, P. G., & Jones, A. M. (2015). l-Citrulline supplementation improves O2 uptake kinetics and high-intensity exercise performance in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985), 119(4), 385-395. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00192.2014
- Perez-Guisado, J., & Jakeman, P. M. (2010). Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness. J Strength Cond Res, 24(5), 1215-1222. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cb28e0
- Suzuki, T., Morita, M., Kobayashi, Y., & Kamimura, A. (2016). Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 13, 6. doi:10.1186/s12970-016-0117-z
- Wax, B., Kavazis, A. N., & Luckett, W. (2016). Effects of Supplemental Citrulline-Malate Ingestion on Blood Lactate, Cardiovascular Dynamics, and Resistance Exercise Performance in Trained Males. J Diet Suppl, 13(3), 269-282. doi:10.3109/19390211.2015.1008615
- Wax, B., Kavazis, A. N., Weldon, K., & Sperlak, J. (2015). Effects of supplemental citrulline malate ingestion during repeated bouts of lower-body exercise in advanced weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res, 29(3), 786-792. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000000670
- Azizi, S., Ebrahimi-Mameghani, M., Mobasseri, M., Karamzad, N., & Mahdavi, R. (2020). Oxidative stress and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) status following citrulline supplementation in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet. doi:10.1111/jhn.12792
- Gonzales, J. U., Raymond, A., Ashley, J., & Kim, Y. (2017). Does l-citrulline supplementation improve exercise blood flow in older adults? Exp Physiol, 102(12), 1661-1671. doi:10.1113/EP086587
- Ochiai, M., Hayashi, T., Morita, M., Ina, K., Maeda, M., Watanabe, F., & Morishita, K. (2012). Short-term effects of L-citrulline supplementation on arterial stiffness in middle-aged men. Int J Cardiol, 155(2), 257-261. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.10.004
- Patel, K. (2020, March 10, 2020). Combining citrulline with glutathione could increase your pump. Retrieved from https://examine.com/nutrition/citrulline-pump-up/
- Sureda, A., Cordova, A., Ferrer, M. D., Perez, G., Tur, J. A., & Pons, A. (2010). L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 110(2), 341-351. doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1509-4
- Suzuki, T., Morita, M., Kobayashi, Y., & Kamimura, A. (2016). Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 13, 6. doi:10.1186/s12970-016-0117-z
- Meeusen, R., Watson, P., & Dvorak, J. (2006). The brain and fatigue: new opportunities for nutritional interventions? J Sports Sci, 24(7), 773-782. doi:10.1080/02640410500483022
- Patel, K. (2020, November 13, 2020). L-Tyrosine. Retrieved from https://examine.com/supplements/l-tyrosine/
- Tumilty, L., Davison, G., Beckmann, M., & Thatcher, R. (2011). Oral tyrosine supplementation improves exercise capacity in the heat. Eur J Appl Physiol, 111(12), 2941-2950. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1921-4
- Kennedy, D. O., Little, W., & Scholey, A. B. (2004). Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in humans after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm). Psychosom Med, 66(4), 607-613. doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000132877.72833.71
- Vitale, K. C. H., S.; Broad, E. (2017). Tart Cherry Juice in Athletes: A Literature Review and Commentary. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 16(4). doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000385
- Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S (2017). Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients, 9(11). doi:10.3390/nu9111211
- Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., Aragon, A. A., Devries, M. C., Banfield, L., Krieger, J. W., & Phillips, S. M. (2017). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608
- Antonio, J., Ellerbroek, A., Silver, T., Orris, S., Scheiner, M., Gonzalez, A., & Peacock, C. A. (2015). A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program IMPROVES body composition in healthy trained men and women – a follow-up investigation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0
- Manninen AH. Protein hydrolysates in sports nutrition. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2009 Sep 28;6:38. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-38. PMID: 19785737; PMCID: PMC2761917. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0
- Specialty Enzymes & Probiotics. (N.d.). Pepzyme AG™ [White Paper]. N.p.
- Oben, J., Kothari, S. C., & Anderson, M. L. (2008). An open label study to determine the effects of an oral proteolytic enzyme system on whey protein concentrate metabolism in healthy males. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-10
- Roxas M. (2008). The role of enzyme supplementation in digestive disorders. Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic, 13(4), 307–314.
- Aguiar, A. F., Januario, R. S., Junior, R. P., Gerage, A. M., Pina, F. L., do Nascimento, M. A., . . . Cyrino, E. S. (2013). Long-term creatine supplementation improves muscular performance during resistance training in older women. Eur J Appl Physiol, 113(4), 987-996. doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2514-6
- Anomasiri, W., Sanguanrungsirikul, S., & Saichandee, P. (2004). Low dose creatine supplementation enhances sprint phase of 400 meters swimming performance. J Med Assoc Thai, 87 Suppl 2, S228-232. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16083193
- Bazzucchi, I., Felici, F., & Sacchetti, M. (2009). Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on neuromuscular function. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 41(10), 1934-1941. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a2c05c
- Branch, J. D. (2003). Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 13(2), 198-226. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.13.2.198
- Burke, D. G., Chilibeck, P. D., Parise, G., Candow, D. G., Mahoney, D., & Tarnopolsky, M. (2003). Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35(11), 1946-1955. doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000093614.17517.79
- Cramer, J. T., Stout, J. R., Culbertson, J. Y., & Egan, A. D. (2007). Effects of creatine supplementation and three days of resistance training on muscle strength, power output, and neuromuscular function. J Strength Cond Res, 21(3), 668-677. doi:10.1519/R-20005.1
- Gotshalk, L. A., Kraemer, W. J., Mendonca, M. A., Vingren, J. L., Kenny, A. M., Spiering, B. A., . . . Volek, J. S. (2008). Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older women. Eur J Appl Physiol, 102(2), 223-231. doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0580-y
- Graef, J. L., Smith, A. E., Kendall, K. L., Fukuda, D. H., Moon, J. R., Beck, T. W., . . . Stout, J. R. (2009). The effects of four weeks of creatine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness: a randomized controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 6, 18. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-6-18
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N., Kang, J., Mangine, G., Faigenbaum, A., & Stout, J. (2006). Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 16(4), 430-446. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.16.4.430
- Juhasz, I., Gyore, I., Csende, Z., Racz, L., & Tihanyi, J. (2009). Creatine supplementation improves the anaerobic performance of elite junior fin swimmers. Acta Physiol Hung, 96(3), 325-336. doi:10.1556/APhysiol.96.2009.3.6
- Kendall, K. L., Smith, A. E., Graef, J. L., Fukuda, D. H., Moon, J. R., Beck, T. W., . . . Stout, J. R. (2009). Effects of four weeks of high-intensity interval training and creatine supplementation on critical power and anaerobic working capacity in college-aged men. J Strength Cond Res, 23(6), 1663-1669. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b1fd1f
- Kocak, S., & Karli, U. (2003). Effects of high dose oral creatine supplementation on anaerobic capacity of elite wrestlers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 43(4), 488-492. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767410
- Law, Y. L., Ong, W. S., GillianYap, T. L., Lim, S. C., & Von Chia, E. (2009). Effects of two and five days of creatine loading on muscular strength and anaerobic power in trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 23(3), 906-914. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a06c59
- Okudan, N., & Gokbel, H. (2005). The effects of creatine supplementation on performance during the repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 45(4), 507-511. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16446682
- Rawson, E. S., & Volek, J. S. (2003). Effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and weightlifting performance. J Strength Cond Res, 17(4), 822-831. doi:10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0822:eocsar>2.0.co;2
- Saremi, A., Gharakhanloo, R., Sharghi, S., Gharaati, M. R., Larijani, B., & Omidfar, K. (2010). Effects of oral creatine and resistance training on serum myostatin and GASP-1. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 317(1-2), 25-30. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2009.12.019
- Volek, J. S., Mazzetti, S. A., Farquhar, W. B., Barnes, B. R., Gomez, A. L., & Kraemer, W. J. (2001). Physiological responses to short-term exercise in the heat after creatine loading. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33(7), 1101-1108. doi:10.1097/00005768-200107000-00006"
- Aguiar, A. F., Januario, R. S., Junior, R. P., Gerage, A. M., Pina, F. L., do Nascimento, M. A., . . . Cyrino, E. S. (2013). Long-term creatine supplementation improves muscular performance during resistance training in older women. Eur J Appl Physiol, 113(4), 987-996. doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2514-6
- Antonio, J., & Ciccone, V. (2013). The effects of pre versus post workout supplementation of creatine monohydrate on body composition and strength. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 10, 36. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-36
- Arciero, P. J., Hannibal, N. S., 3rd, Nindl, B. C., Gentile, C. L., Hamed, J., & Vukovich, M. D. (2001). Comparison of creatine ingestion and resistance training on energy expenditure and limb blood flow. Metabolism, 50(12), 1429-1434. doi:10.1053/meta.2001.28159
- Burke, D. G., Chilibeck, P. D., Parise, G., Candow, D. G., Mahoney, D., & Tarnopolsky, M. (2003). Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35(11), 1946-1955. doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000093614.17517.79
- Candow, D. G., Chilibeck, P. D., Burke, D. G., Mueller, K. D., & Lewis, J. D. (2011). Effect of different frequencies of creatine supplementation on muscle size and strength in young adults. J Strength Cond Res, 25(7), 1831-1838. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7419a
- Cramer, J. T., Stout, J. R., Culbertson, J. Y., & Egan, A. D. (2007). Effects of creatine supplementation and three days of resistance training on muscle strength, power output, and neuromuscular function. J Strength Cond Res, 21(3), 668-677. doi:10.1519/R-20005.1
- Gotshalk, L. A., Kraemer, W. J., Mendonca, M. A., Vingren, J. L., Kenny, A. M., Spiering, B. A., . . . Volek, J. S. (2008). Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older women. Eur J Appl Physiol, 102(2), 223-231. doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0580-y
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N., Kang, J., Mangine, G., Faigenbaum, A., & Stout, J. (2006). Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 16(4), 430-446. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.16.4.430
- Kilduff, L. P., Pitsiladis, Y. P., Tasker, L., Attwood, J., Hyslop, P., Dailly, A., . . . Grant, S. (2003). Effects of creatine on body composition and strength gains after 4 weeks of resistance training in previously nonresistance-trained humans. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 13(4), 504-520. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.13.4.504
- Law, Y. L., Ong, W. S., GillianYap, T. L., Lim, S. C., & Von Chia, E. (2009). Effects of two and five days of creatine loading on muscular strength and anaerobic power in trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 23(3), 906-914. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a06c59
- Rawson, E. S., & Volek, J. S. (2003). Effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and weightlifting performance. J Strength Cond Res, 17(4), 822-831. doi:10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0822:eocsar>2.0.co;2
- Antonio, J., & Ciccone, V. (2013). The effects of pre versus post workout supplementation of creatine monohydrate on body composition and strength. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 10, 36. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-36
- Arciero, P. J., Hannibal, N. S., 3rd, Nindl, B. C., Gentile, C. L., Hamed, J., & Vukovich, M. D. (2001). Comparison of creatine ingestion and resistance training on energy expenditure and limb blood flow. Metabolism, 50(12), 1429-1434. doi:10.1053/meta.2001.28159
- Branch, J. D. (2003). Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 13(2), 198-226. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.13.2.198
- Candow, D. G., Chilibeck, P. D., Burke, D. G., Mueller, K. D., & Lewis, J. D. (2011). Effect of different frequencies of creatine supplementation on muscle size and strength in young adults. J Strength Cond Res, 25(7), 1831-1838. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7419a
- Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N., Kang, J., Mangine, G., Faigenbaum, A., & Stout, J. (2006). Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 16(4), 430-446. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.16.4.430
- Saremi, A., Gharakhanloo, R., Sharghi, S., Gharaati, M. R., Larijani, B., & Omidfar, K. (2010). Effects of oral creatine and resistance training on serum myostatin and GASP-1. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 317(1-2), 25-30. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2009.12.019
- Cerqueira, R. O., Frey, B. N., Leclerc, E., & Brietzke, E. (2017). Vitex agnus castus for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health, 20(6), 713-719. doi:10.1007/s00737-017-0791-0
- Walker, A. F., De Souza, M. C., Vickers, M. F., Abeyasekera, S., Collins, M. L., & Trinca, L. A. (1998). Magnesium supplementation alleviates premenstrual symptoms of fluid retention. Journal of women's health, 7(9), 1157–1165. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.1998.7.1157
- Momoeda, M., Sasaki, H., Tagashira, E., Ogishima, M., Takano, Y., & Ochiai, K. (2014). Efficacy and safety of Vitex agnus-castus extract for treatment of premenstrual syndrome in Japanese patients: a prospective, open-label study. Advances in therapy, 31(3), 362–373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-014-0106-z
- Cerqueira, R. O., Frey, B. N., Leclerc, E., & Brietzke, E. (2017). Vitex agnus castus for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health, 20(6), 713-719. doi:10.1007/s00737-017-0791-0
- Cerqueira, R. O., Frey, B. N., Leclerc, E., & Brietzke, E. (2017). Vitex agnus castus for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health, 20(6), 713-719. doi:10.1007/s00737-017-0791-0
- Walker, A. F., De Souza, M. C., Vickers, M. F., Abeyasekera, S., Collins, M. L., & Trinca, L. A. (1998). Magnesium supplementation alleviates premenstrual symptoms of fluid retention. Journal of women's health, 7(9), 1157–1165. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.1998.7.1157
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- De Souza, M. C., Walker, A. F., Robinson, P. A., & Bolland, K. (2000). A synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxiety-related premenstrual symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Journal of women's health & gender-based medicine, 9(2), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1089/152460900318623
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- Ramkumar, D., & Rao, S. S. (2005). Efficacy and safety of traditional medical therapies for chronic constipation: systematic review. The American journal of gastroenterology, 100(4), 936–971. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40925.x
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- De Souza, M. C., Walker, A. F., Robinson, P. A., & Bolland, K. (2000). A synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxiety-related premenstrual symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Journal of women's health & gender-based medicine, 9(2), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1089/152460900318623
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- Ebrahimi, E., Khayati Motlagh, S., Nemati, S., & Tavakoli, Z. (2012). Effects of magnesium and vitamin b6 on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms. J Caring Sci, 1(4), 183-189. doi:10.5681/jcs.2012.026
- Morton, R. W., Murphy, K. T., McKellar, S. R., Schoenfeld, B. J., Henselmans, M., Helms, E., Aragon, A. A., Devries, M. C., Banfield, L., Krieger, J. W., & Phillips, S. M. (2017). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(6), 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608
- Antonio, J., Ellerbroek, A., Silver, T., Orris, S., Scheiner, M., Gonzalez, A., & Peacock, C. A. (2015). A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program IMPROVES body composition in healthy trained men and women – a follow-up investigation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0
- Babault, N., Paizis, C., Deley, G., Guerin-Deremaux, L., Saniez, M. H., Lefranc-Millot, C., & Allaert, F. A. (2015). Pea proteins oral supplementation promotes muscle thickness gains during resistance training: a double-blind, randomized, Placebo-controlled clinical trial vs. Whey protein. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 12(1), 3. doi:10.1186/s12970-014-0064-5
- Gorissen, S. H. M., Crombag, J. J. R., Senden, J. M. G., Waterval, W. A. H., Bierau, J., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2018). Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates. Amino Acids, 50(12), 1685-1695. doi:10.1007/s00726-018-2640-5
- Gorissen, S. H. M., Crombag, J. J. R., Senden, J. M. G., Waterval, W. A. H., Bierau, J., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2018). Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates. Amino Acids, 50(12), 1685-1695. doi:10.1007/s00726-018-2640-5
- Specialty Enzymes & Probiotics. (N.d.). Pepzyme AG™ [White Paper]. N.p.
- Oben, J., Kothari, S. C., & Anderson, M. L. (2008). An open label study to determine the effects of an oral proteolytic enzyme system on whey protein concentrate metabolism in healthy males. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-10
- Roxas M. (2008). The role of enzyme supplementation in digestive disorders. Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic, 13(4), 307–314.
- Minevich et al.: Digestive enzymes reduce quality differences between plant and animal proteins: a double-blind crossover study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2015 12(Suppl 1): P26.
- Joy et al.: The effects of 8 weeks of whey or rice protein supplementation on body composition and exercise performance. Nutrition Journal 2013 12:86.
- Gorissen, S. H. M., Crombag, J. J. R., Senden, J. M. G., Waterval, W. A. H., Bierau, J., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2018). Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates. Amino Acids, 50(12), 1685-1695. doi:10.1007/s00726-018-2640-5